Search results for "Retinal diseases"
showing 10 items of 46 documents
Curcumin as a therapeutic option in retinal diseases
2020
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/48 Este artículo pertenece al número especial "Natural products in health promotion and disease prevention". En este artículo también participa: Vincent M. Villar. The retina is subjected to oxidative stress due to its high vascularization, long time light exposition and a high density of mitochondria. Oxidative stress can lead to pathological processes, like cell apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammation ending in retinal pathologies. Curcumin, a major bioactive component obtained from the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome has been used for centuries in Asian countries for cooking and for curi…
Rhythmic Regulation of Photoreceptor and RPE Genes Important for Vision and Genetically Associated With Severe Retinal Diseases.
2018
Purpose The aim of the present study was to identify candidate genes for mediating daily adjustment of vision. Methods Genes important for vision and genetically associated with severe retinal diseases were tested for 24-hour rhythms in transcript levels in neuronal retina, microdissected photoreceptors, photoreceptor-related pinealocytes, and retinal pigment epithelium-choroid (RPE-choroid) complex by using quantitative PCR. Results Photoreceptors of wildtype mice display circadian clock-dependent regulation of visual arrestins (Arr1, Arr4) and the visual cycle gene Rdh12, whereas cells of the RPE-choroid exhibit light-dependent regulation of the visual cycle key genes Lrat, Rpe65, and Rdh…
What can visual caregivers expect with patients treated for SARS-CoV-2? An analysis of ongoing clinical trials and ocular side effects
2020
Within the COVID-19 pandemic context, the WHO has proposed a list of medicines to treat patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). An analysis of their ocular side effects was performed. Only chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were found to have an ocular impact in the medium and long-term. Detailed search strategies were performed in EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS and WOS Core Collection. Additionally, the worldwide ongoing clinical trials including chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine were evaluated, and their proposals of drug administration and exclusion criteria analyzed. In general, high maximum cumulative doses of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine are being used for a short…
The Role of Adrenoceptors in the Retina
2020
The retina is a part of the central nervous system, a thin multilayer with neuronal lamination, responsible for detecting, preprocessing, and sending visual information to the brain. Many retinal diseases are characterized by hemodynamic perturbations and neurodegeneration leading to vision loss and reduced quality of life. Since catecholamines and respective bindings sites have been characterized in the retina, we systematically reviewed the literature with regard to retinal expression, distribution and function of alpha1 (α1)-, alpha2 (α2)-, and beta (β)-adrenoceptors (ARs). Moreover, we discuss the role of the individual adrenoceptors as targets for the treatment of retinal diseases.
Effects of Early Postfiltration Ocular Hypotony on Visual Acuity, Long-term Intraocular Pressure Control, and Posterior Segment Morphology
2001
Purpose To determine whether hypotony after filtration surgery has any influence on visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering. Patients and methods We prospectively investigated 43 eyes of 43 patients undergoing trabeculectomy without the use of antimetabolites for 12 months. Results The lowest postoperative IOP valued 4.9 +/- 3.6 mm Hg (range, 0-14 mm Hg). It correlated statistically significant with the IOP 6 weeks (P = 0.016), 6 months (P = 0.009), and 1 year after surgery (P = 0.027). Eyes with a deterioration of visual acuity 6 weeks after surgery had undergone a stronger postoperative hypotony (correlation with lowest postoperative IOP, P = 0.035). The mean period with an …
Clinical patterns and electrophysiological findings in retinal pigment epithelium diseases. Does a correlation exist?
1986
At present it is difficult to distinguish those human chorioretinal diseases in which the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the primary site of dysfunction. This difficulty is caused by several factors such as scarcity of biochemical and histological information and a lack of correlation of basic science information available with the clinical body of knowledge. In the present study we examined 134 eyes at early or late stages of hereditary diseases involving the RPE. We tried to distinguish primary RPE involvement by using standard ERG (a- and b-wave) and EOG testing. We conclude that in general primary RPE damage can be better assessed by current electrophysiology in those diseases whic…
Computer assisted evaluation of retinal vessels tortuosity in Fabry disease.
2012
. Purpose: Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare X-linked metabolic disorder characterized by diffuse deposition of sphingolipids in many tissues. Retinal vessel tortuosity is a common ocular manifestation in FD and may represent a useful marker for the disease. Unfortunately its clinical evaluation is poorly reproducibile and alternative means of evaluation may be of interest. We tested a new semi-automatic software measuring retinal vessel tortuosity from eye fundus digital images in a group of FD patients. Methods: Observational case-control study evaluating four mathematical parameters describing tortuosity (relative length, sum of angle metric [SOAM], product of angle distance [PAD], triangul…
Methodological Aspects of the Application of the Naka-Rushton Equation to Clinical Electroretinogram
1993
The nonlinear relation between stimulus intensity and response amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG) scotopic b wave can be described by a curve based on the Naka-Rushton (NR) equation. Up to now, the NR equation has been used to assess the features of the normal and pathological ERG, but the best approach for a correct evaluation of the parameters is still debatable. The parameters are thought to be related to the different conditions of retinal activities. The method is well known in experimental laboratories but is quite unusual at the clinical level. In the present paper the derivative analysis of the NR function is proposed as an easier approach to understand the variations of the N…
Pilot study for the evaluation of morphological and functional changes in retinal blood flow in patients with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabet…
2012
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate early morphological and functional pathology in the retinal micro-circulation in patients with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Fifty-four subjects, without features of retinopathy under ophthalmological investigation, were recruited for study participation and were classifed into three study groups according to their metabolic staging: (1) Group C comprised nondiabetic, insulin-sensitive subjects with a BMI <28kg/m2; (2) Group IR comprised nondiabetic, insulin-resistant, obese subjects with a BMI ≥28 kg/m2; and (3) Group DM comprised patients with manifested T2DM. Retinal microvascular blood flow was…
Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage
2005
MuleG, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Volpe V, Piazza G, MongioviR, Mezzatesta G, Andronico G, Cerasola G (Universitadi Palermo, Palermo, Italy). Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. J Intern Med 2005; 257: 503-513. Objectives. The aim of our study was to analyse, in a wide group of essential hypertensive patients without diabetes mellitus, the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) (defined according to the criteria laid down in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults) on markers of preclinical cardiac, renal and retinal damage. Design. Cros…